A SUMMER OF RED LOBELIA

A TWO MONTH LONG TIME-LAPSE VIDEO PROJECT HAS BEEN COMPLETED. TWO MONTHS OF LOBELIA CARDINALIS GROWING AND BLOOMING CONDENSED DOWN TO THREE MINUTES.

The Red Lobelia (Lobelia cardinalis) is eye-catching when in flower. It has a red color that is unique to this plant and to see one in person blooming is to fully appreciate this red. While red is often associated with apples, blood, cherries, roses and bricks, the color is often selected to accentuate a room, such as red velvet curtains or used on a home as an accent, such as the color of the shutters.

The Red lobelia accents the Mid to Late Summer  season in many gardens, wetlands and river’s edges.

Red Lobelia in our Garden, www.thesanguineroot.com
Red Lobelia in our Garden, www.thesanguineroot.com

The Lobelia cardinalis pictured above is one of many plants with red blooms, fruits and even roots that we encounter throughout the year. Each plant has a unique red that distinguishes it from the others, furthering the sense of place and time we find it in.

The red of the shrub Hearts-A-Bustin’ in the fruits of Early Fall in Philadelphia, the plant growing on a distinctive hillside, along the Wissahickon Creek.

The Red of Bee-Balm, bursting forth in our gardens in Early Summer. In Mid-Spring, the red of the elegant Honeysuckle vine, Lonicera sempervirens graces the fresh springtime landscape of Morris Park.

Our Garden Tomatoes are the red we associate with the ripening of summer and its continuation into the fall, a long-lasting flavorful red of salads and sauce.

There is the red of the Campsis radicans vine, the Trumpet vine, with its long tubular flowers in Mid-Summer, each one lasting only just one day, often a day with Ruby-throated hummingbirds burying their long beaks into the flower .

At Bowmans Hill Wildflower Preserve, www.thesanguineroot.com
At Bowmans Hill Wildflower Preserve, www.thesanguineroot.com

The red feathers on the neck of the Male hummingbird signal for us the height of Springtime, when this bird visits the blooming Lonicera sempervirens honeysuckle just outside our window for the first time, after its 1000+ mile long flight from its winter residence. The Honeysuckle covers the ugly chainlink fence and the fence supports the honeysuckle which in turns supports the Ruby -throated hummingbird dependent on its nectar. We decided to build further upon this ecosystem and grow the Lobelia cardinalis, Red Lobelia to complement the other red hummingbird associated plants in our yard, such as the aforementioned Bee-Balm Monarda didyma, and the Trumpet Honeysuckle Campsis radicans.  The Hummingbird has great taste in its host plants, because these bright red tubular plants are very attractive in the garden and on trellises and fences. These red blooming plants peak at different times throughout mid to late spring, early to mid summer and into the fall, with their blooms conveniently overlapping, each one having its own time signature, identifying and clarifying the nuances of the seasonal progression. By the time The Red Lobelia blooms, we know it is the beginning of the end of summer, the last third, and when the blooms have ceased after almost a month of activity, the Hummingbirds will  soon depart on their long journey south.

The plant spends most of the summer growing taller and and taller, an easily overlooked specimen to the casual observer, behaving as a goldenrod or a sunflower as summer chimes away, just a green stick with leaves, one of many. Then, a thickening occurs at the top of the plant, and it becomes obvious that something is a-do, in our area, by late July. The red flowers begin to emerge, a few at a time, bursting forth.  The flower-spike grows upward, flowering at the top and going to seed at the bottom for weeks at a time. It becomes a hummingbird watering-hole, with a constant visitation all day long. When the plant is all done it begins to flop over by its own weight, signaling the end of Summer.

www.thesanguineroot.com
www.thesanguineroot.com

The conditions became ripe for a full documentation of the Red Lobelia experience, including a Time-Lapse video showing the plant growing, flowering and collapsing under its own weight, all done over a two month span. The plant being just a few feet from a window, allowed for an Ipod Touch to be set up on a tripod, to be used as a dedicated, in place camera, taking a picture every 15 minutes for five weeks and then every 1/2 hour for the next three weeks, from July 6th to September 5th, 2013, using the O-Snap app.  Birds singing in Morris Park, just feet away, were recorded on The Iphone.

We were able to condense this two month growing and blooming period into a three minute movie. At one point the plant actually started growing out of the picture, so we had to move the camera up a bit!  You will see this moment when you watch the movie, which is coming right up at the end of this post.

The movie does not show the hummingbirds, unfortunately, however we captured them on the Lobelia in a series of stills, two of which we will share with you:

Hummingbird in our garden,www.thesanguineroot.com
Hummingbird in our garden,www.thesanguineroot.com

When you plant Red Lobelia, you are also planting a hummingbird. Right in your garden. In front of your window. Your home can now become the Hummingbird’s home. In this picture above, you can see another red flower in the lower left corner. This is the Lonicera sempervirens, the Coral Honeysuckle, the other plant that Hummingbirds depend on.  The flowers are short-lived, but highly productive for the hummingbirds, regenerating frequently and providing them copious amounts much needed nectar. When you watch the movie, try to pay attention to these background flowers as they bloom and re-bloom throughout the three-minute summer.

Before the film begins, we want to bring up two thoughts to take home with you, as the summer of 2013 winds down in these last weeks:

Our impressions of the Lobelia plant are most viscerally associated with its impressionable and surprising vivid red color, a lively, vivacious red, one of which has captured our imaginations, and has also impressed upon us  the season of its appearance, the temporal provenance of its bloom, this association with time and color we have found to cherish, a discovery of nature that has enriched our sensibilities about the local ecosystems in our midst, our true provenance in space, of the land we inhabit, our own yard.

In the natural world, the bloom of the Lobelia cardinalis is time specific and location specific. Like a key that fits into only one kind of lock, so is this plant.

In garden conditions, around our homes and neighborhoods, try it and see if it grows and blooms, because it may thrive, like it does in our own artificial built environment. If it thrives it will re-seed itself, it will attract and provide nectar for hummingbirds, and it will provide you with that red color , which is unmatched and un-attainable elsewhere and in no other time.

And the second take-home thought before the film begins: The next picture below was taken just last week, on Labor -Day weekend at Susquehanna State Park in Maryland. Here, the Red Lobelia is growing and blooming in nature, as it does and has been for millennia, a true piece of America, a plant in its place and time. Here is the key to the season’s presence, its unique place and time, as the plant blooms, it is unlocking the season before our eyes, unlocking the nectar so required by its associated partnered-species, such as the Ruby-Throated Hummingbird, a species that only lives in North and South America, and would be quickly extinct without the associated partner plants such as the Lobelia cardinalis, which so depends on the Hummingbird for its own survival: The Lobelia needs the Hummingbird to gather its pollen, inadvertently so, but true nonetheless, and spread it to other Lobelia plants to gain that ever so ubiquitous and necessary genetic diversity required for fertility.

Part of this second meditation concerning the habitats of both species is the issue of hummingbird feeders: our plant approach has so far attracted and retained hummingbirds, and we wonder if having feeders would be an improvement. We welcome your thoughts on this subject.

And lastly, as we admire the stunning beauty of this glaringly red and quintessentially American flower, in full bloom and at the top of its glory along the Susquehanna River in Maryland, we are  at peace with the fact that this plant is uniquely bounded to its bird, like the one key of genetic provenance that fits the temporally significant lock of genetic evolution.  This plant and this bird have been together for so long it is hard to imagine one without the other.  Hummingbirds are only present in the Americas and no where else on earth, as is the native range of this plant, the Lobelia cardinalis.

This sense of place, here on the river’s edge, along the Lower Susquehanna, in our routine, our rhythm, perhaps even a tradition, we place ourselves here amidst the blooming Red Lobelias.

 

IMG_0314

Red Lobelia in our Garden, www.thesanguineroot.com
Red Lobelia in our Garden, www.thesanguineroot.com

Enjoy the Movie!

THE RICH RAVINES OF THE LOWER SUSQUEHANNA, PART TWO, SPRING 2013

The Virginia Bluebell, Mertensia virginica, at Shenks Ferry Wildflower Preserve, as fresh and blue as can be!

Winters are so much longer than Spring, so we are looking for ways to prolong Spring, to extend it somehow, so we can appreciate all of the changes, each one at a time, flower by flower, and every bright blue day and every rainshower!

SHENKS FERRY WILDFLOWER PRESERVE, MONDAY, APRIL22ND, 2013
SHENKS FERRY WILDFLOWER PRESERVE, MONDAY, APRIL22ND, 2013

The Virginia Bluebells on the hillside, in the Susquehanna afternoon. We found the bluebells growing in massive quantities on the Susquehanna floodplain, along with the white variety and the pink varieties, all naturally occurring. We found Virginia bluebells growing alongside Mayapples and Spring Beauties, Dutchman’s Breeches and of course Trilliums. We found them blooming along the Schuylkill and the Delaware, and blooming in our own back and front yards, where we planted them, and now they are spreading and re-seeding themselves, covering once barren ground, damaged by invasives and disturbances, these cultivated Bluebells are now creating Spring, and extending it across the weary and torn urban soil.

We come to Shenks Ferry and we are reminded of our own yards full of Bluebells, how hard we have worked to repair the degraded gardens and restore them to a state of natural beauty. We gain confirmation of the conditions of natural beauty in a place like Shenks Ferry. These are conditions we want to have more of in our lives, close to us as the garden is, because natural beauty does not have to be something that is visited upon, when it can so easily be lived in, even in cities.

SHENKS FERRY WILDFLOWER PRESERVE, MONDAY, APRIL22ND, 2013
SHENKS FERRY WILDFLOWER PRESERVE, MONDAY, APRIL22ND, 2013

An inviting path through Spring itself- a walk into Shenks Ferry Wildflower Preserve.

It is perhaps especially in cities that the natural world can not only be preserved, but maintained- preserved by neglect to some degree, where agricultural practices have ceased in favor of development, leaving fragments of land untouched altogether-and maintained by urban dwellers aware of the needs of a natural area and eager to volunteer their efforts at upholding it.

The suburban model of land use is antithetical to natural lands conservation. Vast portions of land are dedicated to lawns. In effect, the suburbs use up much more natural lands than do cities per person. Housing development is consuming more and more land by the day.  Maintaining these lawns requires fuel resources that require more destruction to the environment. These lawns do not contribute to the natural ecology of the region and if homeowners do not maintain them, often they can be fined!

Driving to Shenks Ferry Wildflower Preserve we pass miles upon miles of mowed lawns and monolithic agriculture and the unmanaged lands we pass are just dense with invasive vines and weeds.

Arriving at Shenks Ferry Wildflower Preserve is so pleasant and inviting. It has that Home aspect to it, as if we are at a place we can relax and enjoy the beauty of the flowers, the walk and the views.

It is really neat to see all of the same plants we have in our  Philadelphia gardens, growing in a natural setting.

SHENKS FERRY WILDFLOWER PRESERVE, MONDAY, APRIL22ND, 2013
SHENKS FERRY WILDFLOWER PRESERVE, MONDAY, APRIL22ND, 2013

This woodland Phlox was in peak bloom at Shenks Ferry, lining both sides of the path, up and down the hillsides.

SHENKS FERRY WILDFLOWER PRESERVE, MONDAY, APRIL22ND, 2013
SHENKS FERRY WILDFLOWER PRESERVE, MONDAY, APRIL22ND, 2013

 

SHENKS FERRY WILDFLOWER PRESERVE, MONDAY, APRIL22ND, 2013
SHENKS FERRY WILDFLOWER PRESERVE, MONDAY, APRIL22ND, 2013

 

SHENKS FERRY WILDFLOWER PRESERVE, MONDAY, APRIL22ND, 2013
SHENKS FERRY WILDFLOWER PRESERVE, MONDAY, APRIL22ND, 2013

Above, the whole plant, from the ground level.

SHENKS FERRY WILDFLOWER PRESERVE, MONDAY, APRIL22ND, 2013
SHENKS FERRY WILDFLOWER PRESERVE, MONDAY, APRIL22ND, 2013

What has become very clear in our travels throughout the region in the past few years, in combination with our restoration efforts in Morris Park and our gardening adventures (most importantly), is that the beauty of a wildflower preserve can be re-created in our yards in a simple, easy way with no complications.  In fact, the pictures in the above photographs, for the most part, could have been taken in our Philadelphia rowhouse back yards, because we have have planted and cultivated the same wildflowers. We have been able to bring this enchanting springtime forest of blooming wildflowers home to our yards. We were able to purchase these plants at the local native plant nursery, and the numerous plant sales that happen every spring.  Like-minded friends with native plant gardens have also been generous with us,  sharing their plants.

From lawn to garden, the richness and beauty that this transformation culminates into when the birds come with their sweet springtime songs and bright colors as they feed upon and inhabit the garden is completed. This beauty is made from your hand that sculpts the rich garden from the desolate lawn. These exquisite songbirds that grace our soundscape in the early morning are completely dependent on the plants that grow in Shenks Ferry wildflower preserve- a stunning array of plants, trees and shrubs, all of them indigenous to the region, ecologically relevant and biologically connected to an ecosystem of thousands of species of plants and insects, all of them having co-existed here for millennia.   What a better place for the songbirds to rely upon for their life’s sustenance than the place their species has been going to for millennia. They are also potentially dependent on plants that you may have in your garden!

It is now possible to quantify which plants host certain species and which do not, and this creates a system of ranking, where certain plants may be nearly useless to their contribution to a habitat and some may be even harmful, and many being very productive, interacting with and sustaining many species of insects and the songbirds that rely upon those insects, for one example. As it turns out the plants that do the most harm or are nearly useless are from other continents and have evolved in an ecosystem with non-relevant species than the one they were recently introduced to.

What happened to the birds who relied upon the area of a suburban development that bulldozed the ecosystem and built houses with lawns?  As with all of the plants, possibly birds also experienced something called extirpation. Extirpation is something like extinction in that it means that a specific area of land or a region has experienced a loss of a species.  For any given area, an extirpation is very close to extinction. For a species to return to that area, the conditions would have to return to a former state, and hopefully that species extirpated would still be around to re-inhabit that area.

This can happen and it has. However, often an area that has experienced an extirpation needs to be restored to a state that can support the extirpated species, which will return as soon as it can. This is where we come in, we humans, gardeners, lovers of nature, wondering what we can do to help out, possibly questioning the lawns, thinking about ecological sustainability, loving songbirds, flowers, springtime, wishing we could be at Shenks Ferry Wildflower Preserve!

Reversing extirpation

We can do it! Humans have created the conditions that have resulted in extirpations of species, we can also be the agents of change in the restoration. At Shenks Ferry, we can see the great variety of plant species before our eyes.

Extirpation is often granted status at the state level, such as the species that have been extirpated from New Jersey. Considering that states have many sizes and can cover multiple ecological regions, it could be beneficial to the understanding of this process to view it on a smaller scale, especially if an extirpation truly occurs in a county, township, small park or natural area or a specific piece of private property, these need to be measured and given status. Consider Morris Park, Philadelphia, where sections of the park have been infested with invasives for a long enough time to crowd out the native flora, to the point that these plants no longer grow in the area they used to. These plants were locally extirpated from their ecosystem.

By removing the invasives in these areas, we have witnessed the self re-introduction of native species of plants, which now thrive in these formerly uninhabitable areas. Species such as Spicebush, the sole breeding-ground plant for the Spicebush Swallowtail butterfly, which now grows where it did not before.  This is where our garden and perhaps your garden comes in: after we cleared away the invasives in the garden and planted Lonicera sempervirens, the native red-blooming honeysuckle, which does grow in Morris Park, just next door, the Ruby Throated hummingbird began to visit our garden for the first time in our recollection!  We now have planted the native scarlet-red blooming Lobelia cardinalis, the Red Lobelia or Cardinal Flower, and the spring ephemeral, Red Columbine Aquilegia canadensis,  as well as  Bee Balm, Monarda didyma,  and we have encouraged the tubular, red-flowered  Campsis radicans vine to grow on a large brick garden wall that was crowded with the invasive Porcelain berry.

Except for the invasive exotic Porcelain berry vine, These are all plants the hummingbirds need for their survival.

We have witnessed the Hummingbirds visit these plants in our yards numerous times. Where before we had these plants there were no birds and now there are these Hummingbirds, we can only surmise that we have reversed the extirpation of this species in our own backyard. That and the Black Oaks, Tulip Poplars, Bloodroot, spicebush and the spicebush swallowtail butterflies that are now living in the area of the Park that was nothing but the invasives Multi-flora rose and Garlic mustard!

Reversing extirpation can be done, and it is so much fun and very easy, one little bit of place at a time…

SHENKS FERRY WILDFLOWER PRESERVE, MONDAY, APRIL22ND, 2013
SHENKS FERRY WILDFLOWER PRESERVE, MONDAY, APRIL22ND, 2013

The sun has begun to set in the beautiful Lower Susquehanna Valley, and we have chosen Shenks Ferry Wildflower preserve as the location to enjoy the golden light of Spring. Hillsides covered with blooming spring flowers and the canopy of trees green with the promise of a lush summer ahead, it is very quiet except for the sweet sounds of a few songbirds.

SHENKS FERRY WILDFLOWER PRESERVE, MONDAY, APRIL22ND, 2013
SHENKS FERRY WILDFLOWER PRESERVE, MONDAY, APRIL22ND, 2013

The path through Shenks Ferry is enchanting in the  Springtime early evening.

SHENKS FERRY WILDFLOWER PRESERVE, MONDAY, APRIL22ND, 2013
SHENKS FERRY WILDFLOWER PRESERVE, MONDAY, APRIL22ND, 2013

 

THE RICH RAVINES OF THE LOWER SUSQUEHANNA -PART ONE, SPRING 2013

Late last summer we were here, enjoying the Paw-Paw trees and the Red lobelia when we came across the remains of a Bluebell on the forest floor. It was just a limp, yellowed piece of hay in the shape of a bluebell, and we looked closer at the forest floor, and started to see many more. It dawned on us that this was one of those special Bluebell places! We must plan to come back here in the spring. At the time the air was thick with the scent of very ripe Paw-Paw fruits and we were very much in the mood of the late summer and that was that.  But as this past winter carried on and on, this place remained in our Springtime dreams, and we finally set out to visit.  In the last post we mentioned our sighting of a white Bluebell, and here it is:

White Bluebells, Susquehanna State Park, Maryland
White Bluebells, Susquehanna State Park, Maryland

We will end this post with some amazing pink Bluebells.

It is a worthwhile exercise to focus on just one plant and learn it characteristics and its variability. As we have with Bloodroot, we are exploring the world of the Bluebell and finding more insights into the workings of genetics and ecology of this species. Growing them in a garden setting is a great way to have a hands-on experience with plants, which complements our observations of nature.

 Young leavesSquirrel corn, Susquehanna State Park, Maryland
Young leaves and flowers of Squirrel corn, Susquehanna State Park, Maryland

Here a patch of Squirrel Corn (Dicentra canadensis) underneath a Spicebush. The invasive Japanese Honeysuckle vine on the right threatens the scene.

Susquehanna State Park, Maryland
Susquehanna State Park, Maryland

A pleasing and common sight in the rich ravines in this part of the world is the Trillium Erectum Var. Album x Flexipes, this a unique Trillium to this area, and of course there are many variations of this to be found on the hillsides up and down the Lower Susquehanna River.

This is a really fun place to come and explore the sometimes subtle botanical qualities of this exceptionally beautiful native Springtime woodland herbaceous plant.

We are growing a nursery propagated version of this specific variety in our garden, and we are on year two of flowering!

Susquehanna State Park, Maryland
Susquehanna State Park, Maryland

Above, Mayapples with Squirrel Corn. The fresh green leaves of Spring are so elegant and precious. This time of Spring is really the best time to take the time to view this amazing transformation.  Spring happens quickly for each species, and it is hard to predict when exactly which plant will be at its peak bloom, and if even the weather will cooperate!

Susquehanna State Park, Maryland
Susquehanna State Park, Maryland

 

 Ferncliff wildflower Preserve
Ferncliff wildflower Preserve

 

 Ferncliff wildflower Preserve
Ferncliff wildflower Preserve

Trillium Cernuum

Trillium cernuum, Ferncliff wildflower Preserve
Trillium cernuum, Ferncliff wildflower Preserve

Sometimes the most inviting paths are the most difficult to find.

 Ferncliff wildflower Preserve
Ferncliff wildflower Preserve

Below is the Trillium flexipes.

 Ferncliff wildflower Preserve
Ferncliff wildflower Preserve

 

 Ferncliff wildflower Preserve
Ferncliff wildflower Preserve

 

 Ferncliff wildflower Preserve
Ferncliff wildflower Preserve

 

 Ferncliff wildflower Preserve
Ferncliff wildflower Preserve

This Trillium was found deep in the Forest, where the trail was mostly overgrown with trilliums, Phlox and Bluebells, and we had to watch our step and at some point we had to turn around, so to not step on any plants, even as the trail blazes continued on painted on the trees ahead.  This Trillium exhibits the characteristics of three species, the cernuum, flexipes and the erectum!  Please comment if you have an observation about this unique specimen!

 Ferncliff wildflower Preserve
Ferncliff wildflower Preserve

 

 Ferncliff wildflower Preserve
Ferncliff wildflower Preserve

We arrived at the top of the Ravine to see a beautiful view of The Susquehanna, and saw more of the Pink Bluebells.

 Ferncliff wildflower Preserve
Ferncliff wildflower Preserve

This hollow log created a most pleasant setting for this vista of bluebells.

 Ferncliff wildflower Preserve
Ferncliff wildflower Preserve

This was the most magnificent Spring Wildflower Vacation!

 Ferncliff wildflower Preserve
Ferncliff wildflower Preserve

 

 Ferncliff wildflower Preserve
Ferncliff wildflower Preserve

 

 Ferncliff wildflower Preserve
Ferncliff wildflower Preserve

 

 Ferncliff wildflower Preserve
Ferncliff wildflower Preserve

 

 Ferncliff wildflower Preserve
Ferncliff wildflower Preserve